Category Archives: Speaking

Functional Chunks of Language in the Foreign Language Classroom

Language teachers need to provide students with many opportunities to use the language that they are learning.  However,  students often do not get enough opportunity to use the language because teachers usually do most of the talking.

Functional Chunks of Language in Foreign (World) Language (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.comFunctional Chunks of Language are expressions, phrases or words that students learn as a chunk without necessarily understanding the grammatical structure.  They do however learn where and when to say them when communicating (i.e. the function).  These Functional Chunks of Language will empower students to use the language early and often and they also help to keep the target language the dominant language in the classroom by both the students and the teacher.  These phrases might include:

  • How do you say…in….?
  • What does …mean in…?
  • How do you spell…?
  • I forget my…
  • Can I borrow a…
  • I need a …
  • Can I go to the bathroom.
  • I’m not feeling well?
  • What page?
  • Can you repeat that please?
  • Can you please say that more slowly?
  • What is the homework?
  • Can we start the homework now?
  • What is the date?

These suggestions are based on the phrases that I hear most often from my students so I have them up on the wall so that students can look at them when they need them.

You can find complete poster sets here:

Functional Chunks of Language in Foreign (World) Language (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.com

Functional Chunks of Language in Foreign (World) Language (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.comThey all have an image with them as well to make sure that students know what they mean.  After referencing them a few times you will be impressed by how quickly students learn and use them without looking back at them.  I also spend some time at the beginning of each year explicitly going over them.  If a student attempts to make a comment or ask a question in English that is one of the functional phrases on the wall I simply gesture to it and and require the student to say it in the target language.  They learn quickly that they need to use these to communicate in class and it becomes second nature.

Up and Down: Foreign Language Vocabulary and Verb Form Activities

Up and Down: Foreign (World) Language Vocabulary and Verb Form Activity (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.comThis is an effective activity for students to practice language forms and vocabulary.  It is adaptable to many different structures.

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The three activities offer students an opportunity to work collaboratively.  Here is my favorite one because it is most interactive:

Students cut up the squares and line them up in order in one long strip placing the response under the prompt. There are two variations

–Start with principio/début and go to fin

–Start with fin and go to principio/début

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You can also find 20 versions of this activity on a number of French and Spanish vocabulary and grammar topics on the links below:

Guess Who Speaking Activity for the Entire Class

This is a great activity to get the entire class involved in saying and listening to the vocabulary in the target language. The teacher begins by cutting the strips of paper on the dotted line and giving five students a slip with two pictures on it. These students go to the front of the class without revealing their pictures to the rest of the class.

The other students in the class each receive the first sheet and begin by writing down the names of the five students in the front of the room.

One at a time members of the class take turns trying to guess who has which picture  on their sheet. All students record the answers as they are given.

An order of students should be established by the teacher and this order will be repeated until a student has correctly identified all the people/pictures on his/her turn. If the answers are not correct the questions continue.

Students should be informed that each person has only two pictures and that no two people have the same picture.

You can also download several version of this activity here:

Cooperative Learning in the Foreign Language Classroom

Cooperative Learning is all about communication so it has an obvious  and useful place in a second language classroom.  In this context the teacher gives students  opportunities to  produce the language through speaking and writing in response to language that they are hearing and reading. Opportunities to engage with the language are an integral part of language acquisition and acquisition of communicative competence.  As foreign language teachers structure these cooperative learning opportunities for their students, these principles should be observed (based on Kagan Structures):

  •  Simultaneous Interaction: The optimal form is pair work, which is very frequently included as a stage in the various structures. Simultaneous interaction can easily increase the student’s speaking time.
  • Equal Participation: All students should contribute equally, with no one being forgotten or opting out.
  •  Positive Interdependence: The structures are built up in such a way that the students in a group need each other’s output if they are to solve the task they have been given.
  • Individual Accountability:  Each Student has an important role in the interactional pattern.  Individual accountability is one of the most important motivating factors in cooperative learning. Individual accountability is also implemented when students are being individually assessed.

Speaking Activity to Practice Pronouns in a Foreign Language

This is a fun and engaging way to gets students speaking while using direct and indirect objects with confidence. Students complete this activity in pairs. There are sheet for Student A and one  for Student B. The goal is to find the three rows (diagonal, horizontal and vertical) that do not have a “dommage” or “Lastima”  in them.

Speaking Activity to Practice Pronouns in a Foreign (World) Language. (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.comPlayer A begins by choosing a number on the grid and saying the number to Player B in the target language. Player B then says the sentences on the top of the square to Player A, who then must repeat the sentence back with all of the direct and indirect objects replaced by pronouns. Player B has the correct response on his sheet and can verify if it is correct in the target language.  If it is not correct, the correct answer is not given because the player can try it again on another turn.

If the response is correct, Player A marks it off on the grid on the bottom of the page.  If Player A chooses a box with a “dommage” or “Lastima” in it Player B says “dommage” or “Lastima” (or the word that means “shame” or “pity” in the target language) and Player A marks it off on his grid on the bottom of the page. This indicates that the row and column where there is a “dommage” is not one of the three rows that he needs to find.

Play continues with Player B choosing a number and Player A saying the sentence on the grid to Player B. Turns continue back and forth between Player A and Player B until one of them has determined the three rows without a “dommage”  or “lastima” and he is declared the winner.

You can download these below:

Foreign Language Speaking Activity that Moves Students from Novice to Intermediate

At the novice level, students are speaking with single words and lists initially, then move on to chunked phrases.  As students move up to the intermediate proficiency level they begin to create discrete sentences on their own that move beyond chunked phrases.  This tends to be the most challenging for students as they begin to create with language and are not relying on memorized phrases to chunk together.  Teachers can help scaffold this process for students by assisting them in creating sentences.

Foreign Language Speaking Activity that Moves Students from Novice to Intermediate (French, Spanish) www.wlclassroom.comI have found that using question words with students is a simple and effective way to have students add details to their sentences that move from memorized, chunked phrases to discrete sentences that are created by the student.  The more they do this the more they will grow in confidence and begin to do it on their own when writing.

Here is a version of Memory (or concentration) with a twist. Instead of using pictures and words this version uses verb forms.  Half of the cards have a subject pronoun and an infinitive. The other cards have the correct verb form to match each subject/verb pair.  Along with the conjugated verb forms are 2 or 3 questions words as well as an affirmative or negative symbol [(+) (-)]. 

In order for the player to win the pair he or she  must say a complete sentence that includes the subject and correct verb form as well as the information from the question words and in the negative if indicated. If the player is not able to make a complete sentence he does not get the pair of cards and must turn them back over.  The winner is the player who has the most cards when all of the cards have been claimed.  The verb cards look like this:

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This activity helps move student speaking from the novice level to the intermediate level by showing them how easily and effectively they can can speak in complete, discrete sentences.

You can download resources to use with this proficiency-building activity by clicking the links below.

 

Foreign Language Vocabulary Activities (The Barrier)

I try to find new ways to use these materials beyond their original intended purpose before giving up on them.  One such activity is the Memory or Concentration game that always seems to be on a shelf somewhere in the classroom.

In this variation two students sit facing each other and place a barrier such a book between each other so that each one can’t see the tabletop area in front of the other person.  One student takes the picture cards and the other takes the cards with the words.   The student with the words lines the cards up in any order that he wants.  He then reads off the list to the other person who lines up his picture cards in the order that he hears.  When done, the barrier is removed and they can check to see that they are lined up in the same order.  They can then switch sides or try other variations such as having the student with the picture cards read off the list and the student with the word cards lines them up in the correct order.  Here is what it may look like:

French Memory Games

Spanish Memory Games

Foreign Language Vocabulary Practice-Go Fish!

Foreign (World) Language Vocabulary Practice: Go Fish!  (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.comStudents know how to play Go Fish and it great to be able to tap into this to have students practice vocabulary.  This activity remains very communicative because students must use the vocabulary to play, but the goal is to collect the cards.   The teacher simply needs to print out and cut up the cards and give a group of 3-4 students the pile to play. Several sets work best so that several groups can play. This is a an effective review game and a ideal opportunity for students to speak with each other in the foreign language.  Go Fish! also works well as a station activity.

Download Go Fish! games here:

Classic Memory Game to Help with Vocabulary Retention

Classic Memory Game to Help with Vocabulary Retention (French, Spanish) wlteacher.wordpress.com

Students enjoy playing Memory to review and practice vocabulary.   The cards can also be printed back to back and used as flashcards with pictures on one side and words on the other. Depending on the level of the students, they can make sentence out loud each time they get a pair.  I have found that this is also a great station activity.

Download  Memory Games on these topics :

French Memory Games

Spanish Memory Games

Numbers 1-20
Sports and Activities
Animals
City Places
Class Objects
Clothing
Colors
Food and Drinks
Fruits and Vegetables
Rooms ad Furniture
Musical Instruments
Jobs and Professions
Transportation

Interactive and Communicative Whole-Class Speaking Activity

This is a very engaging and interactive way for students to practice  vocabulary in a communicative way. It requires students to speak to everyone in the class in order to complete the task. The activity employs information-gap and jigsaw language teaching techniques to engage student participation.

Each student has pictures of 4 things/objects (the example below uses city locations)  and students also have a sheet with all of the objects.   Students circulate and ask their classmates if they have the various objects (or are going to tge various places in the example below) and record their name if the answer is YES.

This is a great way to get students talking to everyone in the class and it reinforces the vocabulary through repetition in a meaningful and communicative context.

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Download Whole-Class Communicative Speaking Activities Here: