In 1956, Benjamin Bloom and a group of educational psychologists developed a classification of levels of intellectual behavior important in learning. In the 1990’s Lorin Anderson (a former student of Bloom) and a new group of cognitive psychologists updated the taxonomy to reflect relevance to 21st century skills. The new taxonomy is much more useful in language instruction.
Original Version:
Revised Version:
Even more applicable to language learning and teaching is this graphic representation of the Bloom levels that demonstrates how these skills are not a hierarchy, but are interrelated and dependent on each other to function most efficiently and effectively. It shows that creating language is dependent on understanding and so forth.
