Cooperative Learning in the Foreign Language Classroom
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Cooperative Learning is all about communication so it has an obvious and useful place in a second language classroom. In this context the teacher gives students opportunities to produce the language through speaking and writing in response to language that they are hearing and reading. Opportunities to engage with the language are an integral part of language acquisition and acquisition of communicative competence. As foreign language teachers structure these cooperative learning opportunities for their students, these principles should be observed (based on Kagan Structures):
Simultaneous Interaction: The optimal form is pair work, which is very frequently included as a stage in the various structures. Simultaneous interaction can easily increase the student’s speaking time.
Equal Participation: All students should contribute equally, with no one being forgotten or opting out.
Positive Interdependence: The structures are built up in such a way that the students in a group need each other’s output if they are to solve the task they have been given.
Individual Accountability: Each Student has an important role in the interactional pattern. Individual accountability is one of the most important motivating factors in cooperative learning. Individual accountability is also implemented when students are being individually assessed.
